Since 1980, the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA) have translated scien- tific evidence into clinical practice guidelines with rec- ommendations to improve cardiovascular health. These guidelines, based on systematic methods to evaluate and classify evidence, provide a cornerstone of quality car- diovascular care. In response to reports from the Institute of Medicine (1,2) and a mandate to evaluate new knowledge and maintain relevance at the point of care, the ACC/AHA Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines (Task Force) modified its methodology (3–5). The relationships be- tween guidelines, data standards, appropriate use criteria, and performance measures are addressed else- where (4). Practice guidelines provide recommendations applicable to patients with or at risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The focus is on medical practice in the United States, but guidelines developed in collaboration with other organizations may have a b...